- Supreme Court Judgements
- Matchmaking agencies Viljoenskroon South Africa
- Early Black Settlements by County
There, he and his family became respected community members with significant ties to the Beech Settlement in Rush County, Indiana. Sometime before , James Hays, a North Carolina freedman acquired land in Posey Township, where he, his wife and children lived. While working for a wealthy farmer, he also cultivated his own marginal farm into profitability. This was significant in a region where few were able to do so and landownership remained unusual, 30 years after Trail had briefly resided there.
In , as its black population peaked, anti-black legislation on a national and statewide level advanced—the latter with broad-based public support. Many of these people had migrated from North and South Carolina. There was a major disruption to the settlement, causing the majority of the people to leave.
It is unclear if this was due to an event or an escalation of events. See Decatur County Historical Sketch from this project. The people recorded in the federal census for Salt Creek Township in had dwindled to 14 by A total of eleven blacks were listed in all three townships in the census. As for Hays, violence and a series of newsworthy court battles drove him out of Franklin Co. Because of their possible ties to settlements prior to the Northwest Territory expansion and earliest settlement days, Whitewater and Brooksville townships may be areas for further investigation.
Bigham, Darrell E. Lexington, KY: University Press. Bigelow, Bruce. May, Fountain, Franklin, Fulton Counties. Volume: Reel — Franklin, Fulton Counties.
Franklin County. Moore, Wilma. Accessed June 20, Thornbrough, Emma L. Werle, Audrey. Population data identified the following numbers of blacks in the federal decennial censuses in Fulton County: 1 in , 2 in , 6 in , and 15 in Two years after the first documented white settler, William Polke, came to survey the Michigan Road Old 31 , he brought his family and the black family of Mose Burdine from Knox County, Indiana to settle 4 miles north of what is presently Rochester, Fulton County, in The Burdine family built a cabin by the creek east of the Polke home, and continued to work for the Polke family for many years.
Though the connection is there, the sources are scant and fractured. Harrison, Wendy. Accessed July 10, Accessed July 24, He bought 40 acres in in what became Montgomery Township. He came to Indiana from Virginia.
He and his wife, Keziah, eventually acquired acres of land. He appears to be the nucleus of an unnamed settlement in the township. In addition to his homestead he owned land near the present day Lyles Station. Grier died in and other family members are buried in a Montgomery Township cemetery. The ending date of this settlement is unknown. The Montgomery Township census lists 11 blacks in , 24 in , and 33 in Four of these people, including Grier, are identified as farmers.
When Grier died, his children continued to own land in Montgomery Township. Within Patoka Township, there were a large number of African American pioneers. The Gibson County census lists 45 free blacks in , 53 in , and in In succeeding federal decennial censuses for Patoka Township black residents are listed as follows: in , in , and in Roundtree Settlement was located by the Patoka River.
James Roundtree is the name most associated with this community. He and others built the Black Bridge. Later when it needed to be repaired, he fought and won a case that went to the Indiana Supreme Court. The settlement of Sand Hill was located below Lyles Station. The Hardiman and Nolcox families are two early pioneers associated with this black rural community.
Both families are still farming in Gibson County. In this recent Traces of Indiana and Midwestern History article, she corrects the century-old myth that Lyles was a slave that was freed by a benevolent, white master. Through court records and other documents, she demonstrates that he belonged to a family of free African Americans from Virginia.
Many of the African American heads of household that are listed with him lived near him in Tennessee. He provided land for the subscription school in, and in he donated land to the Airline Railroad. It was after this time that the area took on the name Lyles Station. Joshua Lyles died around , leaving a very rich legacy. More investigation needs to be done to discover if they were independent communities or how they relate to the better known settlements in Montgomery and Patoka townships.
The present day African American farmers in Gibson County have their roots in these historical settlements. Many still farm grain and raise cattle. More work needs to be done to connect these names with the census, locate the land of the early pioneers on the plats and track their migration. This Smithsonian museum is slated to open on the National Mall in Cox, Anna-Lisa.
Polk, Arlene Blank. An illustrated standard atlas of Gibson County, Indiana. Boonville, Ind. Some chose to live in a settlement in Mill Township near Jonesboro dubbed Telltale. Sources report many of these families worked for David Jay, a white man. The Weaver settlement grew with a steady stream of new arrivals. In the Baptists built a church as well followed by a Wesleyan church during the s.
Supreme Court Judgements
During the Civil war years, freed and escaped slaves came to Weaver. According to news articles, Weaver flourished in the s and s with the population reaching nearly 2, Avenues for an active social life were available including lodges, a Grange, camp meetings, and other activities. Grant County experienced a natural gas boom in the s and many country citizens moved away from their farms enticed by employment opportunities.
Despite the exodus, Weaver was still thriving with more than black families in the early s. Local sources describe the gas boom as a factor that changed the character of the general population of Grant County. Racial tensions heightened culminating in an infamous lynching of two African American men in August Artis, Asenath Peters. Chicago: Lewis Publishing Co. Hoenig, Henry.
Kingman Brothers, comp. Combination Atlas Map of Grant County. Accessed April 25, URL no longer active. Neher, Leslie I, Field Notes, Neher, Neal, William, and A. Map of Grant County, Indiana. Cincinnati, Ohio: Middleton, Strobridge Co. Stevenson, Barbara J.
Charleston, SC: Arcadia, Weaver, Thomas P. In Highland Township, there is a possibility of a settlement, but more work needs to be done to identify it.
Matchmaking agencies Viljoenskroon South Africa
In , family members were freed and given land by Corvan. The family kept his surname. African American first names that were associated with the surname are Sarah Jane, Beckey, and Nelson. After , there was a black rural settlement in Washington Township.
Early Black Settlements by County
Using an plat map, one can find the Wiggentons, an African American family, with 50 acres of land. Next to them, the McDonald family also owned land. Viewing plat maps, it appears that the McDonald family owned several acres. Harold McDonald and his wife, Mary, did not have any children. The land is in section 10 and 15 below the city of Lyons. The Prairie Chapel Cemetery has both blacks and whites.
Other names in the county records that could have been part of a settlement in Washington Township include Allen Granville and Chester Clasby. According to county records, Charley McDonald came to the county in and bought 40 acres. The McDonald family story within the county was kept alive after Harold passed by his wife who would host annual barbecues.
Griffing, B. An Atlas of Greene County, Indiana. Philadelphia, Penn. Winkelmann, Joe. History of Greene County Indiana Bloomfield, Ind. Although there were small populations of African Americans in the western parts of Hamilton County, the Roberts Settlement was the only rural settlement documented for this project. Their claims had been intentionally chosen to be within several miles of Quakers, a group known to be accepting and supportive of free blacks. In October , the men brought their families to their wilderness claims and settled permanently, thereby establishing a farm community later known as Roberts Settlement.
By the neighborhood included about 10 families and acres of land.