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  4. Welcome to the Wonderful World of the KwaZulu-Natal Battlefields Route

A Masters level qualification from a good university will normally be required.

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Evidence of some research experience for example through a Masters Degree project is expected. Transcripts of all previous degree-level studies must accompany the application. If you do not meet the entry requirements above, you may be able to apply via International College Dundee.


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The fee you will pay depends on your course and fee category. Visit our undergraduate or postgraduate course pages to find out more. The University of Dundee offers a range of scholarships, depending on the course you are applying for.

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Got any questions about the admissions process, studying or living in Dundee? Please contact the international officer s for your region:. We are sometimes able to connect you to alumni who live or work in your part of the world. If you are interested, please email alumni dundee. Open Days are the best way for you to get a real feel for the University before you apply. Everyone is welcome to attend, including parents, partners, teachers and careers advisors.

Attend an Open Day. While we encourage everyone to come to one of our organised visits, we recognise that this is not always possible. Individual Visits take place almost every month. Arrange an Individual Visit. The settlers had been joined in the year named by Allen Francis Gardiner , a naval officer, whose chief object was the evangelization of the natives.

With the support of the traders he founded a mission station on the hill overlooking the bay. In Gardiner was given authority by the British government to exercise jurisdiction over the traders. They, however, refused to acknowledge Gardiner's authority, and from the Cape government he received no support. The next wave of immigration consisted of Voortrekkers fleeing British rule in Cape Colony , who pushed out the English settlers at Port Natal.

In May the Boers took control of the port and soon afterwards established the Natalia Republic. The Republic suffered from disorganized government and poor relations with the Zulus.

Talana Museum - Cemetary

Most of the Voortrekkers left by Natal was proclaimed a British Colony in , and administered from the Cape Colony in However, it was not until the end of that an effective administration was installed with Martin West as lieutenant-governor that the power of the Boer Volksraad finally came to an end.

In April Lord Stanley , then Secretary of State for War and the Colonies in the second Peel Administration , wrote to Sir George Napier that the establishment of a colony in Natal would be attended with little prospect of advantage, but at the same time stated that the pretensions of the emigrants to be regarded as an independent community could not be admitted. Various measures were proposed which would but have aggravated the situation.

Finally, in deference to the strongly urged views of Sir George Napier, Lord Stanley, in a despatch of 13 December, received in Cape Town on 23 April , consented to Natal becoming a British colony. The institutions adopted were to be as far as possible in accordance with the wishes of the people, but it was a fundamental condition "that there should not be in the eye of the law any distinction or disqualification whatever, founded on mere difference of colour, origin, language or creed".

Sir George then appointed Henry Cloete a brother of Colonel Cloete a special commissioner to explain to the Natal volksraad the decision of the government. There was a considerable party of Natal Boers still strongly opposed to the British, and they were reinforced by numerous bands of Boers who came over the Drakensberg from Winburg and Potchefstroom. Commandant Jan Mocke of Winburg who had helped to besiege Captain Smith at Durban and others of the "war party" attempted to induce the volksraad not to submit, and a plan was formed to murder Pretorius, Boshof and other leaders, who were now convinced that the only chance of ending the state of complete anarchy into which the country had fallen was by accepting British sovereignty.

In these circumstances, the task of Henry Cloete was one of great difficulty and delicacy. He behaved with the utmost tact and got rid of the Winburg and Potchefstroom burghers by declaring that he should recommend the Drakensberg as the northern limit of Natal.

On 8 August , the Natal volksraad unanimously agreed to the terms proposed by Lord Stanley. Many of the Boers who would not acknowledge British rule trekked once more over the mountains into what are now the Orange Free State and Transvaal provinces. At the end of , there were not more than Dutch families left in Natal. Cloete, before returning to the Cape, visited Mpande and obtained from him a valuable concession. Hitherto the Tugela from source to mouth had been the recognized frontier between Natal and Zululand.

Mpande gave up to Natal all the territory between the Buffalo and Tugela rivers, now forming Klip River county.

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The colony's early population growth was driven by settlement from the United Kingdom between and , [6] with approximately emigrants between and From the time of the coming of the first considerable body of British settlers dates the development of trade and agriculture in the colony, followed somewhat later by the exploitation of the mineral resources of the country. At the same time schools were established and various churches began or increased their work in the colony.

John Colenso , appointed bishop of Natal , arrived in In the dependence of the country on Cape Colony was put to an end and Natal constituted a distinct colony with a legislative council of sixteen members, twelve elected by the inhabitants and four nominated by the Crown. At the time the population of settlers and their descendants exceeded While dependent on the Cape, ordinances had been passed establishing Roman-Dutch law as the law of Natal, and save where modified by legislation, it remained in force.

On 15 December , Shepstone with 25 troopers from the Natal Mounted Police and others set out from Pietermaritzburg to Pretoria to annex the Transvaal; arriving on 27 January to a cordial reception. That controversial British annexation of the Transvaal, was disrupted when Sekhukhune allegedly signed a peace treaty with the Boers removing the main justification for British intervention in the Transvaal at that time.

However this proved unsatisfactory to the colonial government, and eighteen years later the kingdoms were annexed to the Natal colony, doubling its size. In the Witwatersrand Gold Rush caused a considerable rush of colonists from Natal to the Transvaal. Railways were still far from the Transvaal border, and Natal offered the nearest route for prospectors from Cape Colony or from Europe.

Durban was soon thronged; and Pietermaritzburg , which was then practically the terminus of the Natal railway, was the base from which nearly all the expeditions to the goldfields were fitted out. The journey to De Kaap by bullock-waggon occupied about six weeks.

Welcome to the Wonderful World of the KwaZulu-Natal Battlefields Route

Two years later, in , the Rand goldfields were proclaimed, and the tide of trade which had already set in with the Transvaal steadily increased. Natal colonists were not merely the first in the field with the transport traffic to the new goldfields; they became some of the earliest proprietors of mines, and for several years many of the largest mining companies had their chief offices at Pietermaritzburg or Durban. In this year the railway reached Ladysmith , and in it was completed to the Transvaal frontier at Charlestown , the section from Ladysmith northward opening up the Dundee and Newcastle coalfields.

Thus a new industry was added to the resources of the colony. The demand which the growing trade made upon the one port of Natal, Durban , encouraged the colonists to redouble their efforts to improve the Port of Durban. A heavy sea from the Indian Ocean is always breaking on the shore, even in the finest weather, and at the mouth of every natural harbour a bar occurs. To deepen the channel over the bar at Durban so that steamers might enter the harbour was the cause of labour and expenditure for many years.

Harbour works were begun in , piers and jetties were constructed, dredgers imported, and controversy raged over the various schemes for harbour improvement. In a harbour board was formed under the chairmanship of Harry Escombe. It controlled the operations for improving the sea entrance until when on the establishment of responsible government it was abolished. The work of improving the harbour was however continued with vigour, and finally, in , such success was achieved that vessels of the largest class were enabled to enter port.

At the same time, the railway system was continually developing under the Natal Railway Company. For many years there had been an agitation among the colonists for self-government. In the colony was offered self-government coupled with the obligations of self-defence. The offer was declined, but in the legislative council was remodelled so as to consist of 23 elected and 7 nominated members.

In the elections to the council led to the return of a majority in favour of accepting self-government, and in a bill establishing responsible government was passed and received the sanction of the Imperial government. At the time the white inhabitants numbered about 50, The electoral law was framed to prevent more than a very few natives obtaining suffrage. Restrictions in this direction dated as far back as , while in an act was passed aimed at the exclusion of Indians from the suffrage.


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The leader of the party which sought responsible government was John Robinson who had gone to Natal in , was a leading journalist in the colony, had been a member of the legislative council since , and had filled various official positions. He now became the first premier and colonial secretary with Harry Escombe as attorney-general and F. Moor as secretary for Native Affairs. John Robinson remained premier until , a year marked by the annexation of Zululand to Natal.

Boer forces quickly occupied Newcastle. A landdrost was appointed and the town was renamed Viljoensdorp. The British withdrew to Ladysmith. Boer forces proceeded to Ladysmith and surrounded the town, cutting off its communications from the south. The Siege of Ladysmith lasted until 28 February , when the town was relieved by forces under Redvers Buller.